@article{Gencaga2015-xt,

title = {A recipe for the estimation of information flow in a dynamical  system},

author = {Deniz Gencaga and Kevin Knuth and William Rossow},

url = {https://www.williambrossow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/entropy-17-00438-v2.pdf, Download file},

doi = {10.3390/e17010438},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

urldate = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Entropy (Basel)},

volume = {17},

number = {1},

pages = {438--470},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

keywords = {ANALYSIS, ENERGETICS, FEEDBACKS, MODELS},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Tselioudis2011-ty,

title = {Time scales of variability of the tropical atmosphere derived  from cloud-defined weather states},

author = {George Tselioudis and William B Rossow},

url = {https://www.williambrossow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/2011_Tselioudis_ts07200r.pdf, Download file},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-02-01},

urldate = {2011-02-01},

journal = {J. Clim.},

volume = {24},

number = {3},

pages = {602--608},

publisher = {\"{A}merican Meteorological Society},

abstract = { The recent analysis of Rossow et al. used a clustering 

 technique to derive six tropical weather states (WS) based on 

 mesoscale cloud-type patterns and documented the spatial 

 distribution of those WS and the modes of variability of the 

 convective WS in the tropical western Pacific. In this study, 

 the global tropics are separated into 30° $times$ 30° regions, 

 and a clustering algorithm is applied to the regional WS 

 frequency distributions to derive the dominant modes of weather 

 state variability (or the climate state variability) in each 

 region. The results show that the whole tropical atmosphere 

 oscillates between a convectively active and a convectively 

 suppressed regime with the exception of the eastern parts of the 

 two ocean basins, where the oscillation is between a 

 stratocumulus and a trade cumulus regime. The dominant mode of 

 both those oscillations is the seasonal cycle with the exception 

 of the eastern Indian and western--central Pacific region, where 

 El Ni~no frequencies dominate. The transitions between the 

 convectively active and suppressed regimes produce longwave (LW) 

 and shortwave (SW) top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiative differences 

 that are of opposite sign and of similar magnitude, being of 

 order 20--30 W m−2 over ocean and 10--20 W m−2 over land and 

 thus producing an overall balance in the TOA radiative budget. 

 The precipitation differences between the convectively active 

 and suppressed regimes are found to be of order 2.5--3 mm day−1 

 over ocean and 1--2.4 mm day−1 over land. Finally, the 

 transitions between the stratocumulus and shallow cumulus 

 regimes produce noticeable TOA SW differences of order 10--20 W 

 m−2 and very small TOA LW and precipitation differences. The 

 potential climate feedback implications of the regime radiation 

 and precipitation differences are discussed."},

keywords = {ANALYSIS, MODELS, WEATHER STATE},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{te06100c,

title = {Tropical and sub-tropical cloud transitions in weather and climate prediction models: The GCSS/WGNE Pacific Cross-section Intercomparison (GPCI)},

author = {J. Teixeira and S. Cardoso and M. Bonazzola and J. Cole and A. Del Genio and C. DeMott and C. Franklin and C. Hannay and C. Jakob and Y. Jiao and J. Karlsson and H. Kitagawa and M. K'f6hler and A. Kuwano-Yoshida and C. LeDrian and J. Li and A. Lock and M. J. Miller and P. Marquet and J. Martins and C. R. Mechoso and E. van Meijgaard and I. Meinke and P. M. A. Miranda and D. Mironov and R. Neggers and H. L. Pan and D. A. Randall and P. J. Rasch and B. Rockel and W. B. Rossow and B. Ritter and A. P. Siebesma and P. M. M. Soares and F. J. Turk and P. A. Vaillancourt and A. Von Engeln and M. Zhao},

url = {https://www.williambrossow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/15200442-Journal-of-Climate-Tropical-and-Subtropical-Cloud-Transitions-in-Weather-and-Climate-Prediction-Models_-The-GCSS_WGNE-Pacific-Cross-Section-Intercomparison-GPCI.pdf, Download file},

doi = {10.1175/2011JCLI3672.1},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

urldate = {2011-01-01},

journal = {J. Climate},

volume = {24},

pages = {5223--5256},

keywords = {CLOUD PROPERTIES, MODELS},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ro09700z,

title = {Tropical climate described as a distribution of weather states indicated by distinct mesoscale cloud property mixtures},

author = {W. B. Rossow and G. Tselioudis and A. Polak and C. Jakob},

url = {https://www.williambrossow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/2005_Rossow_ro09700z.pdf, Download file},

doi = {10.1029/2005GL024584},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-01-01},

urldate = {2005-01-01},

journal = {Geophys. Res. Lett.},

volume = {32},

pages = {L21812},

keywords = {ANALYSIS, MODELS, WEATHER STATE},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ai02100q,

title = {Neural network uncertainty assessment using Bayesian statistics with application to remote sensing: 3. Network Jacobians},

author = {F. Aires and C. Prigent and W. B. Rossow},

url = {https://www.williambrossow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/2004_Aires_ai02100q.pdf, Download file},

doi = {10.1029/2003JD004175},

year  = {2004},

date = {2004-01-01},

urldate = {2004-01-01},

journal = {J. Geophys. Res.},

volume = {109},

pages = {D10305},

keywords = {ANALYSIS, MODELS},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ts00100w,

title = {The Data Integration for Model Evaluation web site: A one-stop shop for model evaluation},

author = {G. Tselioudis and W. B. Rossow and A. N. Gentilcore and J. Katzfey},

url = {https://www.williambrossow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/2004_Tselioudis_ts00100w.pdf, Download file},

doi = {10.1175/BAMS-85-6-830},

year  = {2004},

date = {2004-01-01},

urldate = {2004-01-01},

journal = {Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.},

volume = {85},

pages = {830--835},

keywords = {ANALYSIS, MODELS},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ai04100j,

title = {Neural network uncertainty assessment using Bayesian statistics: A remote sensing application},

author = {F. Aires and C. Prigent and W. B. Rossow},

url = {https://www.williambrossow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/2004_Aires_ai04100j.pdf, Download file},

year  = {2004},

date = {2004-01-01},

urldate = {2004-01-01},

journal = {Neural Comput.},

volume = {16},

pages = {2415--2458},

keywords = {ANALYSIS, MODELS},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ai01100t,

title = {Neural network uncertainty assessment using Bayesian statistics with application to remote sensing: 2. Output errors},

author = {F. Aires and C. Prigent and W. B. Rossow},

url = {https://www.williambrossow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/2004_Aires_ai01100t.pdf, Download file},

doi = {10.1029/2003JD004174},

year  = {2004},

date = {2004-01-01},

urldate = {2004-01-01},

journal = {J. Geophys. Res.},

volume = {109},

pages = {D10304},

keywords = {ANALYSIS, MODELS},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ai00100w,

title = {Temporal interpolation of global surface skin temperature diurnal cycle over land under clear and cloudy conditions},

author = {F. Aires and C. Prigent and W. B. Rossow},

url = {https://www.williambrossow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/2004_Aires_ai00100w.pdf, Download file},

doi = {10.1029/2003JD003527},

year  = {2004},

date = {2004-01-01},

urldate = {2004-01-01},

journal = {J. Geophys. Res.},

volume = {109},

pages = {D04313},

keywords = {ANALYSIS, MODELS},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ra09200l,

title = {Confronting models with data: The GEWEX Cloud Systems Study},

author = {D. Randall and S. Krueger and C. Bretherton and J. Curry and Duynkerke and M. Moncireff and B. Ryan and D. Starr and M. Miller and W. Rossow and G. Tselioudis and B. Wielicki},

url = {https://www.williambrossow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/2003_Randall_ra09200l.pdf, Download file},

doi = {10.1175/BAMS-84-4-455},

year  = {2003},

date = {2003-01-01},

urldate = {2003-01-01},

journal = {Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.},

volume = {84},

pages = {455--469},

keywords = {ANALYSIS, MODELS},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ai09000a,

title = {Inferring instantaneous, multivariate and nonlinear sensitivities for the analysis of feedback processes in a dynamical system: The Lorenz model case study},

author = {F. Aires and W. B. Rossow},

url = {https://www.williambrossow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/2003_Aires_ai09000a.pdf, Download file},

doi = {10.1256/qj.01.174},

year  = {2003},

date = {2003-01-01},

urldate = {2003-01-01},

journal = {Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc.},

volume = {129},

pages = {239--275},

keywords = {ANALYSIS, ENERGETICS, FEEDBACKS, MODELS},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{lu01000b,

title = {Did the eruption of the Mt. Pinatubo volcano affect cirrus properties?},

author = {Z. Luo and W. B. Rossow and T. Inoue and C. J. Stubenrauch},

url = {https://www.williambrossow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/2002_Luo_lu01000b.pdf, Download file},

doi = {10.1175/1520-0442(2002)015%3C2806%3ADTEOTM%3E2.0.CO;2},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

urldate = {2002-01-01},

journal = {J. Climate},

volume = {15},

pages = {2806--2820},

keywords = {AEROSOLS, ANALYSIS, CLOUD PROPERTIES, MODELS},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ai08000d,

title = {Remote sensing from the infrared atmospheric sounding interferometer instrument. 1. Compression, de-noising, and first guess retrieval algorithms},

author = {F. Aires and W. B. Rossow and N. Scott and A. Chedin},

url = {https://www.williambrossow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/2002_Aires_ai08000d.pdf, Download file},

doi = {10.1029/2001JD000955},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

urldate = {2002-01-01},

journal = {J. Geophys. Res.},

volume = {107},

number = {D22},

pages = {4619},

keywords = {ANALYSIS, MODELS},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ai06000k,

title = {A regularized neural network approach for retrieval of atmospheric and surface temperatures with the IASI instrument},

author = {F. Aires and A. Ch\'{e}9din and N. Scott and W. B. Rossow},

url = {https://www.williambrossow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/2002_Aires_ai06000k.pdf, Download file},

doi = {10.1175/1520-0450(2002)041%3C0144%3AARNNAF%3E2.0.CO;2},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

urldate = {2002-01-01},

journal = {J. Appl. Meteorol.},

volume = {41},

pages = {144--159},

keywords = {ANALYSIS, ENERGETICS, FEEDBACKS, MODELS, SURFACE PROPERTIES},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ai05000n,

title = {Rotation of EOFs by the Independent Component Analysis: Toward solving the mixing problem in the decomposition of geophysical time series},

author = {F. Aires and W. B. Rossow and A. Ch\'{e}9din},

url = {https://www.williambrossow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/2002_Aires_ai05000n.pdf, Download file},

doi = {10.1175/1520-0469(2002)059%3C0111%3AROEBTI%3E2.0.CO;2},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

urldate = {2002-01-01},

journal = {J. Atmos. Sci.},

volume = {59},

pages = {111--123},

keywords = {ANALYSIS, MODELS},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ai04000r,

title = {A new neural network approach including first-guess for retrieval of atmospheric water vapor, cloud liquid water path, surface temperature and emissivities over land from satellite microwave observations},

author = {F. Aires and C. Prigent and W. B. Rossow and M. Rothstein},

url = {https://www.williambrossow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/2001_Aires_ai04000r.pdf, Download file},

doi = {10.1029/2001JD900085},

year  = {2001},

date = {2001-01-01},

urldate = {2001-01-01},

journal = {J. Geophys. Res.},

volume = {106},

pages = {14887--14907},

keywords = {ANALYSIS, ENERGETICS, FEEDBACKS, MODELS, PRECIPITATION, WATER VAPOR},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{wa03000u,

title = {Effects of cloud vertical structure on atmospheric circulation in the GISS GCM},

author = {J. Wang and W. B. Rossow},

url = {https://www.williambrossow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/1998_Wang_wa03000u.pdf, Download file},

doi = {10.1175/1520-0442(1998)011%3C3010%3AEOCVSO%3E2.0.CO;2},

year  = {1998},

date = {1998-01-01},

urldate = {1998-01-01},

journal = {J. Climate},

volume = {11},

pages = {3010--3029},

keywords = {ANALYSIS, ENERGETICS, FEEDBACKS, MODELS},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{st00800v,

title = {Implementation of subgrid cloud vertical structure inside a GCM and its effect on the radiation budget},

author = {C. J. Stubenrauch and A. D. Del Genio and W. B. Rossow},

url = {https://www.williambrossow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/1997_Stubenrauch_st00800v.pdf, Download file},

doi = {10.1175/1520-0442(1997)010%3C0273%3AIOSCVS%3E2.0.CO;2},

year  = {1997},

date = {1997-01-01},

urldate = {1997-01-01},

journal = {J. Climate},

volume = {10},

pages = {273--287},

keywords = {ANALYSIS, MODELS},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ro07000g,

title = {Monitoring changes of clouds},

author = {W. B. Rossow and B. Cairns},

url = {https://www.williambrossow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/1995_Rossow_ro07000g.pdf, Download file},

doi = {10.1007/BF01095151},

year  = {1995},

date = {1995-01-01},

urldate = {1995-01-01},

journal = {Climatic Change},

volume = {31},

pages = {175--217},

keywords = {ANALYSIS, CLOUD PROPERTIES, MODELS, WEATHER STATE},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Yu1991-pi,

title = {Comparison of radiance fields observed by satellite and  simulated by the LMD general circulation model},

author = {Yu, W., G. Seze, W.B. Rossow, H. Le Treut and M. Desbois},

year  = {1991},

date = {1991-10-01},

urldate = {1991-10-01},

journal = {Dyn. Atmos. Oceans},

volume = {16},

number = {1-2},

pages = {147--165},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {\"{A} time series of International Satellite Cloud Climatology 

 Project (ISCCP) B2 data has been used to study the 

 spatio-temporal variability of cloud radiance fields and to 

 compare it with similar diagnostics obtained from a numerical 

 simulation with the Laboratoire de M\'{e}t\'{e}orologie 

 Dynamique general circulation model (GCM). We first compare 

 zonal means of the observed and simulated fluxes: the largest 

 differences appear mainly above land, probably due to a diurnal 

 cycle effect. A computation of the cloud radiative forcing is 

 made to distinguish model errors in the clear sky or in cloudy 

 areas: it shows that the radiative effect of the simulated 

 clouds is generally smaller than that of observed ones. The 

 influence of the spatial resolution on the variability of the 

 visible and infrared radiance fields is examined. The results 

 show that the variability due to the better spatial resolution 

 of the satellite data cannot be simulated by the GCM; however, 

 the variability of the simulated radiances is comparable to that 

 of the satellite data when they are spatially averaged on the 

 GCM mesh. The temporal variability of the spatially averaged 

 observed and simulated radiances has a similar spatial 

 distribution but the model results are slightly smaller. The 

 memory of the precedent state shown by the autocorrelation 

 function is longer for the GCM than for the observation. 

 However, the periods obtained by a spectral analysis in the 

 mid-latitude regions are approximately the same in the 

 observation and the simulation."},

keywords = {ANALYSIS, MODELS},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{se07000g,

title = {Effects of satellite data resolution on measuring the space/time variations of surfaces and clouds},

author = {G. Seze and W. B. Rossow},

url = {https://www.williambrossow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/1991_Seze_Rossow_2.pdf, Download file},

doi = {10.1080/01431169108929703},

year  = {1991},

date = {1991-01-01},

urldate = {1991-01-01},

journal = {Int. J. Remote Sens.},

volume = {12},

pages = {921--952},

keywords = {ANALYSIS, MODELS},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{se06000k,

title = {Time-cumulated visible and infrared radiance histograms used as descriptors of surface and cloud variations},

author = {G. Seze and W. B. Rossow},

url = {https://www.williambrossow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/1991_Seze_Rossow_1.pdf, Download file},

doi = {10.1080/01431169108929702},

year  = {1991},

date = {1991-01-01},

urldate = {1991-01-01},

journal = {Int. J. Remote Sens.},

volume = {12},

pages = {877--920},

keywords = {ANALYSIS, MODELS, WEATHER STATE},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ro07300k,

title = {Selection of a map grid for data analysis and archival},

author = {W. B. Rossow and L. Garder},

url = {https://www.williambrossow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/Journal-of-Applied-Meteorology-and-Climatology-Selection-of-a-Map-Grid-for-Data-Analysis-and-Archival.pdf, Download file},

doi = {10.1175/1520-0450(1984)023%3C1253%3ASOAMGF%3E2.0.CO;2},

year  = {1984},

date = {1984-01-01},

urldate = {1984-01-01},

journal = {J. Clim. Appl. Meteorol.},

volume = {23},

pages = {1253--1257},

keywords = {ANALYSIS, ISCCP, MODELS},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ri06300n,

title = {The effects of physical processes on Hadley circulation},

author = {D. Rind and W. B. Rossow},

url = {https://www.williambrossow.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/1984_Rind_ri06300n.pdf, Download file},

doi = {10.1175/1520-0469(1984)041%3C0479%3ATEOPPO%3E2.0.CO;2},

year  = {1984},

date = {1984-01-01},

urldate = {1984-01-01},

journal = {J. Atmos. Sci.},

volume = {41},

pages = {479--507},

keywords = {ANALYSIS, ENERGETICS, FEEDBACKS, MODELS},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}